新加坡考试全部以英语进行,在进入学校学习后,老师上课和布置作业也以英语为主,因此考生们在备考时最不可忽视的就是语法问题!在AEIS考试中,虽然单独来看,语法专项的分数值并不高(P2P3组别语法专项5分,P4P5组别14分,中学组语法专项分别都是10分),但是众所周知的是,语法贯穿了所有英文学习。
今天新加坡教育网继续分享AEIS语法知识点:时态的呼应
时态的呼应
当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时时,从句可以用各种时态。
当主句是过去时态时,从句要根据动作发生的先后顺序,采取某一过去时态。
当主句中所表示的是科学真理、客观事实或格言时,从句必须用一般现在时。
从句里的动词时态与主句里的动词时态要一致的规律,需为时态呼
主句是一般现在时或一般将来时
当主句的动词是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候,从句(主要是受词从句)中的动作可以用各种时态。
例子:
I know that Jack works in that factory.
我知道杰克在那家工厂工作。
She doesn't know when her mother left home.
她不知道她母亲是何时离开家的。
I'm sure that Jim will come tonight.
我确信吉姆今晚会来。
I'll tell him that you came tonight.
我将告诉他你今天晚上来过。
主句试过去时当主句的动词是过去时态,从句的动词要根据动作发生的先后顺序,采取某一过去时态。1.如果从句的动词所表示的动作发生在主句的动词所表示的动作之前,从句要用过去完成时或一般过去时,用一般过去时的时候,从句中常有表示确定的过去时间副词。
例子:
He asked me if I had been to London.
他问我是否去过伦敦。
He said his son was born in 1977.
他说他的儿子在1977年出生。
2.如果从句中的动词所表示的动作与主句的动词所表示的动作同时发生,从句要用一般过去时或过去进行时。
例子:I asked him whether he knew Japanese.
我问他是否懂日语。
The boy told me that he was looking for his football.
那个男孩告诉我.他正在找他的足球。
3.如果从句的动词所表示的动作在主句的动词所表示的动作之后发生,从句的动词要用过去将来时。
例子:
I asked the teacher when we would
我问老师我们将在什么时候考试。
I knew that Jane would come a few
我知道过几天珍要来。
have the exam.
days later.
POINT 3 主句表达的是不受时间影响的真理
当主句中所表示的是科学真理、客观事实或格言时,即使主句的动词是过去式,从句的动词也必须用一般现在时。
例子:
He said that the moon is much nearer to the earth than the sun.
他说月亮比太阳离地球近得多。
When she was a child, she knew that Yu Shan is the highest mountain in Taiwan.
她从小就知道玉山是台湾最高的山。
He told his son two plus two is four.
他告诉儿子.二加二等于四。
容易犯错的句子:
1.他进来时,我正在读书。
错:I read a book when he came in
对:I was reading a book when he came in.
句中有一个时间状语从句,表示主句的动作在过去的某一时间内正在进行,所以用过去进行时。
2.火车刚到达。
错:The train has arrived just now.
对:The train has just arrived.
just(刚刚)常与现在完成时连用,放在助动词have/has和过去分词之间,just now(刚刚、刚才)则通常与一般过去时连用。例如:
I arrived here just now.
我刚刚到这儿。
3.他加入俱乐部已有两年了。
错:He has joined the club for two years.
对:He has been a club member for two years.
对:He joined the club two years ago.
对:It is two years since he joined the club.
join是非延续性动词,不能与表示一段时间的副词连用。
4.对不起,我没有看见你。
错:Sorry, I haven't seen you.
对:Sorry, I didn't see you.
根据句意.是刚才没有看见对方.现在已经看见了.故用一般过去时。
5.他去过纽约。
错:He has gone to New York.
对:He has been to New York.
have/has gone to表示“到某地去T”,目前还没有回来,have/has been to则表示“到过某地”.现在已经回来了。
6.我感冒两天了。
错:I have caught a cold for two days.
对:I have had a cold for two days.
对:I caught a cold two days ago.
对:It is two days since I caught a cold.
catch a cold中的catch是非延续性动词,不能与表示延续性的时间副词连用。
7.我原不知道你在这里。
错:I don't know you are here.
对:I didn't know you were here.
根据句意,说话时已经知道了,所以应用过去时态didn't know,根据时态呼应的原则.宾语从句中的动词也用过去时态。
8.他说他两个月前就知道这件事了。
错:He said that he knew about it two months ago.
对:He said that he had known about it two months before.
宾语从句中的动词所表示的动作发生在主句的动词所表示的动作之前,应用过去完成时,ag缠改为before。
9.他上个星期就读完了这本书。
错:He had finished reading the book last week.
对:He finished reading the book last week.
last week是表示过去某一特定的时间副词短语.应用一般过去时。
以上就是小编为大家整理的关于AEIS英语语法考点之时态的呼应,希望对大家有所帮助。更多AEIS考试报名条件、AEIS成绩查询等问题可以咨询我们。